Wednesday, December 25, 2019

Get the Scoop on Academic Essay Writing Samples Before Youre Too Late

Get the Scoop on Academic Essay Writing Samples Before You're Too Late Writing a significant academic composition for school is seen as a challenge for many students as a result of its seriousness and technical austerity. If you're anything like the majority of the students we know, you are likely not too excited about it. Generally, students are not so excited about a necessity to handle their homework. Therefore, many students and employees decide to acquire inexpensive essay rather than writing it themselves. You want to present standard ideas in short form. All you have to do is make certain that the meaning is clear. For instance, social networks, like Facebook, allow people to communicate and to link on social levels with people they might have lost touch with. The motive of your essay is essential to be deemed as it can identify whether you're able to be of help to the folks who want a distinct educational reference. Rumors, Deception and Academic Essay Writing Sa mples Your paragraphs do not connect one another's meaning in addition to the full thought of your essay might be incomprehensible. There are lots of ground rules of a suitable outline for this kind of essay. There's no ideal solution on how best to compose an effective essay. If you think that you have produced a strong introduction, you've got to maintain that until the conclusion of your academic essay. Up in Arms About Academic Essay Writing Samples? For example, application letters must be engaging that is telling your prospective employer which you can be an asset to the business. In other words, an academic essay may be an evidence of the depth of your research procedures and the rest of the activities which you've executed so you can support the content of your written output. Therefore, even when you are writing the entire piece all by yourself, look at using special tools to look at each piece for plagiarism. The course materials that you want to speak about with in an academic essay can reflect your degree of understanding about the matter. Academic Essay Writing Samples Fundamentals Explained The very first paragraph mentions the reason behind writing the letter. An academic letter is not only a document that can showcase your mastery when it has to do with a distinct academic subject. A letter of consent will likewise be sent to them together with a sample copy of the questionnaire which will be used, in addition to the protocol of the researcher. It is essential that you compose the letter in a particular method. Students lead busy lives and frequently forget about a coming deadline. Education should be a critical objective. It began to be seen as a right, and even some kind of civic duty. The cost of an essay depends upon the quantity of effort the writer has to exert. In the event the author is an individual, then their very first name is used first. In addition, the writer has a propensity to be repetitive. Even if you b elieve you're a bad writer today, you can learn to take your simple essay and transform it into something far more effective. You don't wish to be caught on plagiarism. An academic essay is a rather important work for each individual. Your academic essay should evoke an emotion that is needed to spark different ideas, opinions and other types of responses. Always keep in mind that it should be playful it must not bore your audience. It is crucial to remember that it doesn't matter what your opinion is! It is recommended to look for the one which has a great reputation and offers high-quality papers at very affordable rates. Also, do not forget that you are able to pay for essay, just order original and higher quality papers from MyEssayWriting on a wide selection of topics. Since academic essays are popular in the business of education and research, you should make sure your writing is both logical, interesting and informative. How to Find Academic Essay Writing Samples Online Formal letters differ from informal letters in quite a few ways. In regard to format, informal letters are thought to be freestyle. Most formal letters are employed in business transactions that's the reason why it is necessary to be mindful of the use of words and the way they're put together. They make use of business English. An essay on climate change isn't overly tricky to write, provided that you take pleasure in the topic. Actually, things can become very interesting once you get started doing the research and unearthing new and intriguing facts and stats. You should have your reasons, and our principal concern is that you wind up getting an excellent grade. There are difference contexts that could be used within the very same subject so that you need to make sure you will be clear in regards to identifying the section of the topic that you're likely to chat about.

Tuesday, December 17, 2019

The Scarlet Letter By Nathaniel Hawthorne - 2304 Words

{ tf1ansiansicpg1252 {fonttblf0fnilfcharset0 .HelveticaNeueInterface-Regular;} {colortbl; ed255green255lue255; ed139green139lue139;} deftab720 pardpardeftab720sl400qjpartightenfactor0 f0fs28 cf2 expnd0expndtw0kerning0 outl0strokewidth0 strokec2 Liam McCloy Mrs. Solar English III 13 December 2014 The Scarlet Letter Nathaniel Hawthorne used the light of daytime and the darkness of night in The Scarlet Letter to get his point across to the readers. He used darkness and shadows to symbolize sin, death, hatred, fear, evilness and secrets and he used light to symbolise God, goodness, acceptance, honesty, the ability to adapt to surroundings and to survive in peace and harmony even in the harsh light of life. His use of these symbols helped the reader to gain a mental picture of the situations and the feelings that occurred in the story. The story begins in seventeenth-century Boston, which was a Puritan settlement at that time. A young woman, Hester Prynne, is led from the town prison with her infant daughter, Pearl, in her arms and a piece of fabric with a scarlet letter 93A 94 on her breast. The day is dark and gloomy, like the situation that she is in. Hester is described coming out of the prison like a black shadow emerging into sunshine this shows that Hester is clothe d in the darkness of her shame but still she walks into the sun under the glaring eyes of society while waiting to be punished. There is a quiet elderly onlooker in the crowd who is told thatShow MoreRelatedThe Scarlet Letter By Nathaniel Hawthorne1242 Words   |  5 PagesLYS PAUL Modern Literature Ms. Gordon The Scarlet Letter The scarlet letter is book written by Nathaniel Hawthorne who is known as one the most studied writers because of his use of allegory and symbolism. He was born on July 4, 1804 in the family of Nathaniel, his father, and Elizabeth Clark Hathorne his mother. Nathaniel added â€Å"W† to his name to distance himself from the side of the family. His father Nathaniel, was a sea captain, and died in 1808 with a yellow fever while at sea. That was aRead MoreThe Scarlet Letter By Nathaniel Hawthorne960 Words   |  4 Pages3H 13 August 2014 The novel, The Scarlet Letter, was written by the author Nathaniel Hawthorne and was published in 1850 (1). It is a story about the Puritan settlers of the Massachusetts Bay Colony, set around 1650 (2). The story is written in the third person with the narrator being the author. The common thread that runs through this novel is Hawthorne’s apparent understanding of the beliefs and culture of the Puritans in America at that time. But Hawthorne is writing about events in a societyRead MoreThe Scarlet Letter, By Nathaniel Hawthorne919 Words   |  4 Pagessymbolism in Nathaniel Hawthorne’s â€Å"The Scarlet Letter†. Symbolism is when an object is used in place of a different object. Nathaniel Hawthorne is one of the most symbolic writers in all of American history. In â€Å"The Scarlet Letter†, the letter â€Å"A† is used to symbolize a variety of different concepts. The three major symbolistic ideas that the letter â€Å"A† represents in Nathaniel Hawthorne’s â€Å"The Scarlet Letter† are; shame, guilt, and ability. In Nathaniel Hawthorne’s â€Å"The Scarlet Letter†, the firstRead MoreThe Scarlet Letter By Nathaniel Hawthorne1397 Words   |  6 PagesFebruary 2016 The Scarlet Letter was written by Nathaniel Hawthorne in 1850 which is based on the time frame of the Puritans, a religious group who arrived in Massachusetts in the 1630’s. The Puritans were in a religious period that was known for the strict social norms in which lead to the intolerance of different lifestyles. Nathaniel Hawthorne uses the puritan’s strict lifestyles to relate to the universal issues among us. The time frame of the puritans resulted in Hawthorne eventually thinkingRead MoreThe Scarlet Letter By Nathaniel Hawthorne999 Words   |  4 Pages Nathaniel Hawthorne is the author of the prodigious book entitled The Scarlet Letter. In The Scarlet Letter, Hester Prynne commits adultery with Reverend Arthur Dimmesdale. Her husband, Roger Chillingworth, soon finds out about the incident after it becomes clear that she is pregnant. The whole town finds out and Hester is tried and punished. Meanwhile, Roger Chillingworth goes out then on a mission to get revenge by becoming a doctor and misprescribing Dimmesdale. He does this to torture DimmesdaleRead MoreThe Scarlet Letter, by Nathaniel Hawthorne1037 Words   |  5 Pagesthat human nature knows right from wrong, but is naturally evil and that no man is entirely â€Å"good†. Nathaniel Hawthorne, author of the classic novel The Scarlet Letter, believes that every man is innately good and Hawthorne shows that everyone has a natural good side by Hester’s complex character, Chillingworth’s actions and Dimmesdale’s selfless personality. At the beginning of the Scarlet Letter Hester Prynne is labeled as the â€Å"bad guy†. The townspeople demand the other adulterer’s name, butRead MoreThe Scarlet Letter By Nathaniel Hawthorne1517 Words   |  7 PagesNathaniel Hawthorne composes Pearl as a powerful character even though she is not the main one. Her actions not only represent what she is as a person, but what other characters are and what their actions are. Hawthorne makes Pearl the character that helps readers understand what the other characters are. She fits perfectly into every scene she is mentioned in because of the way her identity and personality is. Pearl grows throughout the book, which in the end, help the readers better understandRead MoreThe Scarlet Letter, By Nathaniel Hawthorne1488 Words   |  6 Pages In Nathaniel Hawthorne’s novel The Scarlet Letter, the main character, Hester Prynne, is a true contemporary of the modern era, being cast into 17th century Puritan Boston, Massachusetts. The Scarlet Letter is a revolutionary novel by Nathaniel Hawthorne examining the ugliness, complexity, and strength of the human spirit and character that shares new ideas about independence and the struggles women faced in 17th century America. Throughout the novel, Hester’s refusal to remove the scarlet letterRead MoreThe Scarlet Letter By Nathaniel Hawthorne1319 Words   |  6 PagesPrynne and Arthur Dimmesdale are subject to this very notion in Nathaniel Hawthorne s The Scarlet Letter. Hester simply accepted that what she had done was wrong, whereas Dimmesdale, being a man of high regard, did not want to accept the reality of what he did. Similar to Hester and Dimmesdale, Roger Chillingworth allows his emotions to influence his life; however, his influence came as the result of hi s anger. Throughout the book, Hawthorne documents how Dimmesdale and Hester s different ways of dealingRead MoreThe Scarlet Letter By Nathaniel Hawthorne1714 Words   |  7 PagesSome two hundred years following the course of events in the infamous and rigid Puritan Massachusetts Colony in the 1600s, Nathaniel Hawthorne, descendant of a Puritan magistrate, in the 19th century, published The Scarlet Letter. Wherein such work, Hawthorne offered a social critique against 17th Massachusetts through the use of complex and dynamic characters and literary Romanticism to shed light on said society’s inherent contradiction to natural order and natural law. In his conclusive statements

Monday, December 9, 2019

Integrated Marketing Communication Campaigns of Companies

Question: Discuss about the Report for Integrated Marketing Communication of Campaigns of Companies. Answer: Introduction The approach of integrated marketing communication (IMC) is defined as achievement of goals of marketing campaigns of companies by the use of well coordinated various methods of promotions. It is intended as reinforcement of the goals along with integrated marketing communications of companies. The study will explain the role of IMC in formulating a marketing strategy. Two Australian agencies are chosen for describing the application of marketing communications in their companies. Implication of IMC in two Australian organizations The two companies of Australia that are using strategies of integrated marketing communications are Independent Grocers of Australia (IGA) and Eagle Boys. IGA is a supermarket chain in Australia. Metcash owns the company. On the other hand, Eagle Boys is an Australian based fast food restaurant serving pizza across the world. Both the companies are famous in their fields that are using different tools of integrated marketing communications (Mihart, 2012, p. 121). The approaches of IMC are advertising, public relations, targeted mailings, direct marketing, digital media, personal selling, sales promotion, trade promotions, in-store displays, etc. IGA uses mostly targeted mailings, in-store displays, public relations, etc. On the contrary, Eagle Boys uses in-store promotions, digital media and various types of sales promotions. Role of IMC in business and marketing strategy Marketing communications include communication of the companies with its customers. Customers are the base of growing business of every company. Marketing strategies are formulated based on IMC. Commercialization of any product or service is described by 4Ps namely product, price, place, and promotion. Approaches of IMC are planned by planning, organizing and monitoring various components of marketing and data that influence and control the brand reputation, informatics in the market (Castronovo Huang, 2012, p. 117). Hence, IMC is known as the bridging element between branding and commercialization. The components of IMC can be categorized into different groups such as media planning, brand partnerships, broadcast, interactive, outdoor, strategic planning and direct response. The objectives of implementing IMC in formulating marketing strategies of companies are cost savings, creative consistency, and customer preferences. Marketing campaigns aim in attracting customers by targeting needs and preferences of the customers (Reinold Tropp, 2012, p. 120). Digital approaches along with traditional methods of marketing campaigns focus on the transmission of the content through the available channels of communication. Marketers have to think from the perspective of a consumer regarding promotion of its product in the market. Hence, the trust-building aspect is addressed by the enterprises that are the main USP of customer relationship management. IMC and its application in the chosen organizations IMC is the way of transferring the communication content of the company to its products via different promotional techniques. Sustainability is the main criteria that different enterprises are focusing on expanding their business across the world. Communication is an important media which is required both inside the company and outside of customers. Use of internet in communicating the content through media channels is an effective way of reaching vast customer base across the world (Balmer, 2013, p. 300). Multinational companies worldwide focus on word of mouth (WOM) by implementing various approaches of IMC. In the modern competitive business world, enterprises focus on guerilla tactics, social media, and experiential marketing campaigns, etc. are used via approaches of IMC. Eagle Boys, the Australian fast food retail chain uses outside-in and strategic cross-functional approaches of IMC for maintaining brand reputation. The communication channels used by Eagle Boys vary from one country to another country according to the nature of the customers. It is very active on social media platforms for customer engagement (Eagle Boys, 2016). Apart from that, traditional innovative strategies are implemented such as eye-catching in-store displays, promotional offers, customized offers and discounts, etc. However, new product development based on taste preference of the customers is a vital area of development of the company. IGA on the other hand consistently focuses on customer needs by customizing their products according to their preference. Target mailings, tactics of direct marketing, personalized promotional offers; traditional advertisement methods, etc. are used by IGA to attract more customers as well as retaining the existing ones. The retail supermarket chain sustains in the competitive marketplace by following aggressive marketing techniques (Metcash Trading Limited, 2016). IMC approaches of the company are customer-centric. There are many advantages of two-way communication for the cross-functional IMC approach. The supermarket chain has many tactics in the sphere of customer relationship management to maintain a good relation with the customers. Conclusion The study focuses on various strategies of IMC implemented by the two Australian companies mentioned above. Apart from that, the concept of modern approaches and methods of IMC are also discussed in an elaborate manner. Communication is maintained at all levels both inside and outside the organization. However, by using tools of IMC, both the companies are successful in brand reputation in their respective market. References Balmer, J. M. (2013). Corporate heritage, corporate heritage marketing, and total corporate heritage communications: What are they? What of them?.Corporate Communications: An International Journal,18(3), 290-326. Castronovo, C., Huang, L. (2012). Social media in an alternative marketing communication model.Journal of Marketing Development and Competitiveness,6(1), 117. Eagle Boys. (2016). About Us. Retrieved from: https://www.eagleboys.com.au/Corporate/About-Us Metcash Trading Limited. (2016). About Us. Retrieved from: https://www.iga.com.au/about-iga/ Mihart, C. (2012). Impact of integrated marketing communication on consumer behaviour: Effects on consumer decision-making process.International Journal of Marketing Studies,4(2), 121. Reinold, T., Tropp, J. (2012). Integrated marketing communications: How can we measure its effectiveness?.Journal of Marketing Communications,18(2), 113-132.

Sunday, December 1, 2019

Red Badge Of Courage Essays (772 words) - The Red Badge Of Courage

Red Badge of Courage The Red Badge of Courage by Stephen Crane traces the effects of war on a Union soldier, Henry Fleming, from his dreams of soldiering, to his actual enlistment, and through several battles of the Civil War. Henry Fleming was not happy with his boring life on the farm. He wanted to become a hero in war and have girls loving him for his glorious achievements in battle. He knew his mother would not like to see him go to war, but it was his decision to make. He dreamed of the exiting battles of war and the thrill of fighting glorious battles. He didn't want to stay on the farm with nothing to do, so he made the final decision to enlist. After enlisting he finds himself just sitting around with nothing to do. He manages to make friends with two other soldiers, John wilson and Jim Conklin. Wilson was as exited about going to war as Henry, while Jim was confident about the success of the new regiment. Henry started to realize after a few days of marching, that their regiment was just wandering aimlessly, going in circles, like a vast blue demonstration. They kept marching on without purpose, direction, or fighting. Through time Henry started to think about the battles in a different way, a more close and experienced way, he started to become afraid that he might run from battle when duty calls. He felt like a servent doing whatever his superiors told him. When the regement finally discovers a battle taking place, Jim gives Henry a little packet in a yellow envelope, telling Henry that this will be his first and last battle. The regiment managed to hold off the rebels for the first charge, but then the rebels came back like machines of steel with re-enforcements, driving the regement back. One man started to flee, then another, and another still. Henry was scared, confused, and in a trance as he saw his forces depleating. He finally got up and started running like a proverbial chicken, who has lost the direction of safety. After running away, Henry started rationalizing his behavior after running from the enemy. At first he fells he was a stupid coward for running, then he feels he was just saving himself for later. he felt nature didn't want him to die, eventhough his side is losing. He believes he was intelligent for running and hopes he will die in battle just for spite. The same time Henry met Jim, he also met a tattered man. In the next charge, Henry and the tattered man see Jim die a slow, and painful death. After Jim's death, and a little talking, Henry,though not realizing it, leaves the tattered man alone on the battle field, hurting inside, and dangerous to himself. In the charge ahead, Henry starts asking the soldiers why they are running. He grabbed a comrad by the arm and asked the man "why- why-" not letting go of the mans arm, so the man hit Henry over the head with the butt of his rifle, giving Henry his first Red Badge of Courage. Dazed, Henry stumbles around the battle field struggling to stay on his feet, until a cheery man comes around and helps Henry to get back to his regement. At his regiment he confronts wilson and has his wound on his head attended to. After a short rest he again gets back into battle. After the regiment lost that battle, the generals had the regiment marching again. Henry felt the generals were a lot of "lunkheads" for making them retreat instead of confronting the enemy. Henry begins to feel that, he and Wilson, are going to die, but goes to battle anyway. In battle, Henry began to fume with rage and exhaustion. He had a wild hate for the relentless foe. He was not going to be badgered of his life, like a kitten chased by boys. He felt that he and his companions were being taunted and derided from sincere convictions that they were poor and puny. In yet another battle, when Henry and Wilson get a chance to carry their flag, they fight over who will retain the flag. Red Badge Of Courage Essays (772 words) - The Red Badge Of Courage Red Badge of Courage The Red Badge of Courage by Stephen Crane traces the effects of war on a Union soldier, Henry Fleming, from his dreams of soldiering, to his actual enlistment, and through several battles of the Civil War. Henry Fleming was not happy with his boring life on the farm. He wanted to become a hero in war and have girls loving him for his glorious achievements in battle. He knew his mother would not like to see him go to war, but it was his decision to make. He dreamed of the exiting battles of war and the thrill of fighting glorious battles. He didn't want to stay on the farm with nothing to do, so he made the final decision to enlist. After enlisting he finds himself just sitting around with nothing to do. He manages to make friends with two other soldiers, John wilson and Jim Conklin. Wilson was as exited about going to war as Henry, while Jim was confident about the success of the new regiment. Henry started to realize after a few days of marching, that their regiment was just wandering aimlessly, going in circles, like a vast blue demonstration. They kept marching on without purpose, direction, or fighting. Through time Henry started to think about the battles in a different way, a more close and experienced way, he started to become afraid that he might run from battle when duty calls. He felt like a servent doing whatever his superiors told him. When the regement finally discovers a battle taking place, Jim gives Henry a little packet in a yellow envelope, telling Henry that this will be his first and last battle. The regiment managed to hold off the rebels for the first charge, but then the rebels came back like machines of steel with re-enforcements, driving the regement back. One man started to flee, then another, and another still. Henry was scared, confused, and in a trance as he saw his forces depleating. He finally got up and started running like a proverbial chicken, who has lost the direction of safety. After running away, Henry started rationalizing his behavior after running from the enemy. At first he fells he was a stupid coward for running, then he feels he was just saving himself for later. he felt nature didn't want him to die, eventhough his side is losing. He believes he was intelligent for running and hopes he will die in battle just for spite. The same time Henry met Jim, he also met a tattered man. In the next charge, Henry and the tattered man see Jim die a slow, and painful death. After Jim's death, and a little talking, Henry,though not realizing it, leaves the tattered man alone on the battle field, hurting inside, and dangerous to himself. In the charge ahead, Henry starts asking the soldiers why they are running. He grabbed a comrad by the arm and asked the man "why- why-" not letting go of the mans arm, so the man hit Henry over the head with the butt of his rifle, giving Henry his first Red Badge of Courage. Dazed, Henry stumbles around the battle field struggling to stay on his feet, until a cheery man comes around and helps Henry to get back to his regement. At his regiment he confronts wilson and has his wound on his head attended to. After a short rest he again gets back into battle. After the regiment lost that battle, the generals had the regiment marching again. Henry felt the generals were a lot of "lunkheads" for making them retreat instead of confronting the enemy. Henry begins to feel that, he and Wilson, are going to die, but goes to battle anyway. In battle, Henry began to fume with rage and exhaustion. He had a wild hate for the relentless foe. He was not going to be badgered of his life, like a kitten chased by boys. He felt that he and his companions were being taunted and derided from sincere convictions that they were poor and puny. In yet another battle, when Henry and Wilson get a chance to carry their flag, they fight over who will retain the flag.

Tuesday, November 26, 2019

Dont Essays - Music, Hip Hop, American Music, Free Essays

Don't Essays - Music, Hip Hop, American Music, Free Essays "Don't" Don't Don't play with her, don't be dishonest Still not understanding this logic Aye, I'm back and I'm better I want you bad as ever Don't let me just let up I wanna give you better Baby it's whatever Somebody gotta step up Girl, I'm that somebody So I'm next up Be damned if I let him catch up It's easy to see that you're fed up I am on a whole 'nother level Girl, he only fucked you over 'cause you let him Fuck 'em, girl, I guess he didn't know any better Girl, that man didn't show any effort Do all I can just to show you you're special Certain it's your love that holds me together Lately you say he been killing the vibe Gotta be sick of this guy Pull up skirt Get in the ride Left hand is steering the other is gripping your thigh Light up a spliff and get high Shawty you deserve what you been missing Looking at you I'm thinking he must be tripping Play this song for him tell him just listen Don't (Play this song for him...) Don't Girl, said he keeps on playing games and his loving ain't the same I don't know what to say-ay but What a shame If you were mine you would not get the same If you were mine you would top everything Suicide in the drop switching lanes And that thang so fire baby no propane Got good pussy, girl, can I be frank To keep it 100, girl, I ain't no saint But he the only reason that I'm feeling this way Giving you the world baby when you get space Pen game get me laid, baby that's penetrate Oh baby Don't (Ey) H-Town got a nigga so throwed Po' up we can party some mo' Yeah got this drink in my cup Got a young nigga feeling so throwed Spit fire and the world so cold Young money got a nigga feeling old Spit fire and the world so cold H-Town got me feeling so throwed H-Town got me feeling so throwed Raw paint in the sip can it fold H-Town got me feeling so throwed Spit fire and the world so cold H-Town got a nigga so throwed (Play this song for em...) Don't "Self Righteous" Got something to say, yeah I know it's easy to love me Thought it was better this way Oh trust me baby it's hard Tried to give it up, I've tried to baby, it's tough I guess it's my fault, I know what's up Baby we used to fuck From now on we make love Girl let's catch up, phone calls ain't enough That's where I messed up, I should've kept in touch Cause I ain't the type that will hit it and quit it Even if it's mine, even if it isn't Take them trips and pay yo' ass a visit Gave you a portion but you needed more, needed more Now you won't even call me no more Ain't laying naked in my sheets no more I guess you ain't a freak no more Sex more, that's what I was on Talk less, that's what I was on Selfish, baby I know, I know Quick to admit it when I'm wrong Instead I was leading you on Now it's fuck me and leave you alone Come love me, I need you at home It's somethin' about the way you scream and you moan Now I'm the one who's been treating you wrong Contradicting all the things I've been preaching in songs, oh Shit was going good girl Now it's looking bad girl Can we take it back girl? You gave me a task girl Go clean up my act girl Done that, where you at girl? Would you mind, would you mind Would you mind if I? Come do the things that you like What you like, what you like I know what you like Who else gon' get you right but me Who else gon' get you right Don't know when I'm finna wife it I still ain't decided Better make up my mind quick 'Fore a nigga come and swipe it Know I sound a lil' self righteous Yeah, but there ain't nothin' else like it Anything else bad for your health I've been checking you profile to see if you recited this I got a lot more where that came from You got a Tumblr too, I gotta make one I've been peepin' hard, on some stalking shit I'm feening hard, that's the obvious, yeah But you know I won't mind if we were just fuckin' Feelin' on somethin', talking 'bout nothin' Then maybe later you and I discuss it Do you feel like I do, can I know? Clearly baby It's you that I want Listen, I don't wanna confuse you Don't ever think that I use you Give

Saturday, November 23, 2019

Emergency Lesson Plans for Elementary Teachers

Emergency Lesson Plans for Elementary Teachers There are going to be times when you will be absent from school due to unforeseen circumstances. To ensure your classroom continues to run smoothly, you should plan ahead by creating emergency lesson plans. These plans will provide the substitute teacher with what should be covered throughout the day. Its a good idea to keep these lesson plans in the main office or mark where they are located somewhere in your substitute folder. Here are a few ideas that you can add to your emergency plan folder: Reading/Writing Provide a list of writing prompts and have the students use their creative writing skills to develop a story based on the prompt they chose.Provide the substitute with a few books to read to the students and have him/her choose any of the following activities for the students to complete:Write a paragraph telling what character was your favorite.Write a paragraph telling what your favorite part of the story was.Discuss a book that was similar to the one that you just heard.Make a bookmark and include the name of the book, the author, the main character and a picture of an important event that happened in the story.Write an extension of the story.Write a new ending to the story.Write what you think will happen next in the story.Write spelling words in ABC order.Have students answer questions from textbooks that you normally would not have the students answer.Provide a copy of the book Harold and the Purple Crayon by Crockett Johnson and have the students use the ready strategy Sketch- to-Stretch to re-tell the story. Have students use the letters in their spelling words to make sentences. For example, if they had the spelling word Storm they would use the letters to write the sentence, Sally tasted only red MMs. Games/Art Play bingo with spelling words. Have students fold paper into squares and write one spelling word on each square.Play the game Around the World with addition, subtraction, multiplication, division, spelling words or states.Play Spelling Relay. Separate students into teams (boys vs girls, rows) then call out a spelling word and the first team to write it correctly on the front board gets a point for their team.Play the Dictionary Game. Make sure you have enough dictionaries for all students or at least for teams of two. Then hand out a worksheet with at least 10 words on it for the students to find their meaning and write a sentence about it.Have students draw a map of their classroom and provide a key for it.Make a poster of your favorite book. Include the title, author, main character and main idea of the story. Quick Tips Make lessons that are simple and easy to do. You never know the expertise of the teacher that will be in your classroom.Make sure plans cover ALL subjects. Your best bet is to have these lessons be review lessons because the substitute will have no idea where you are in your curriculum, and you will not know when the emergency will occur.Include a few easy worksheets or Scholastic News magazines that the students can read and discuss together as a class.Prepare a theme for the day folder and place related activities in the folder. Ideas for themes are space, sports, bugs, etc.Allow the substitute to offer the students an extra 15 minutes of free time at the end of the day if the students behaved appropriately.

Thursday, November 21, 2019

Briefing Reading Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

Briefing Reading - Assignment Example According to Miller et al (2010: p.273) these firms began by discovering their hidden resources, also called asymmetries, which included building on their own unique potentials, relationships, hard-to-copy assets, knowledge and experiences. Over time, these firms were able to develop several organizational processes and designs in order to find these asymmetries, turn them into capabilities and gear them across the necessary market opportunities. As stated by Miller et al (2010: p.274), they asymmetries are hard-to-copy ways that create a difference between a firm and its rivals. For this reason, Reed discovered that his bank was different and developed ways to make that difference a valuable asymmetry that his rivals would not copy and later found a profitable market that valued it. Shana Corp, a private Canadian software company, exhibit a similar path to that of Citibank. Over time, the managers of Shana realized that the company had developed unique capabilities, which included valuable kinds of work that its rivals could not do as fast or better. This allowed the company to exploit and extend its competitive advantage over other firms. In short, the managers of Shana were able to focus on what the company was able at, reflected on it, developed and found clients that would benefit from its new capabilities (Miller et al (2010: p.274). There are three imperatives of inside-out strategy, which include discovering of asymmetries and their potential, creating capability configurations by design, and pursuing market opportunities that build on and leverage capabilities (Miller et al, 2010: p.275). It is difficult for firms to develop their hidden resources unless they have some potential edge. For this reason, firms need first to discover their asymmetries and potentials, which will serve as starting points for creating advantages as they are hard to copy. Thus, to find potential asymmetries, managers are required to do an outside and

Tuesday, November 19, 2019

Review of Research Methods Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Review of Research Methods - Essay Example Another important problem is that a number of methods used in modern researches are not appropriate to each certain case. In this case the very idea of empirical survey is deteriorated and the results leave much to be desired. In both instances the retrieved results are far from reality and need substantial clarification. At the same time, properly selected and carefully employed research methods can be dramatically important in each type of either a survey or analysis of existing quantitative data. Correctly (from methodological perspective) received and interpreted data would provide a researcher with a variety of information and findings concerning different aspects of problem researched. The abovementioned makes the question of methods effectiveness and appropriateness to each certain case extremely important. This project will examine appropriateness and effectiveness of research methods suggested in each of three suggested case studies below. The case studies provided for the analysis are dedicated to the same research problem, i.e.: examination of neighborhood effect on people's health behavior, particularly walking and smoking. All three case studies hypothesized that there is a significant influence of neighborhood on people's health behavior. However, each of them focused on identification of specific community factors that may influence this or that behavior. Each of these studies is based on representative samplings and includes the data from all-national (regional) surveys in the US or Canada. Alternative methods used were telephone surveys and observation of communities. Statistical methods in all three cases included different types of regressions that allows define the impact of one variable/variables (independent variable) on another one/ones (dependent variable). The project of C. Ross (2000) is dedicated to the general problem of health behavior. The author hypothesizes that neighborhood could affect health behaviors. Ross (2000) assumed that people from poor communities and with humble backgrounds (e.g.: poor education, low income, etc.) are more likely to smoke and reversely less likely to take exercises and walk. This assumption is based on two social-psychological models of influence in "community-person" system, i.e.: contagion theory and structural perspective. The first theory states that people are influenced by others surrounding them. The second approach believes that surrounding presents their neighbors with both constrains (fears, prejudices, etc.) and opportunities and resources (courts, playgrounds, pools, etc). The representative sampling (multilevel-data sampling) included the residents of Illinois (USA) selected according to the criteria of poverty and education of both the people and their neighborhoods. Other socio-demographic criteria included into the sampling were race, gender, age, household income, individual poverty, marital status, etc. The data for the sampling was taken from 1995 survey of Community, Health and Crime. The interviews were telephone-based and included both closed and open-ended questions. The

Sunday, November 17, 2019

Auditors Third Party Liability Essay Example for Free

Auditors Third Party Liability Essay On 1979 the court established the principle of third party liability as foreseen’ in Federal Supreme Court (sixth civil senate) 1 regarding the case of a German branch of a bank provided wrong information to its potential investors and because of that one of the potential investors suffered a big loss and later sued the bank. But in November 1983 in Federal Supreme Court (fourth civil senate)2, death negligence in reporting in a case where buyer of a properly sued the valuer because of the wrong valuation. Court stated that if third party is under protected effect then there are some general principles on professional third-party liability for negligent misstatements under contract towards third parties. In the first case (1979) The Federal Supreme Court stated that the bank knew that the information which was provided would have been showed to potential investors In the case court maintained that the person, to whom the bank provided the relevant information could be identified and are part of a calculable group. And in the second case (1983) court says, there is no need for the professional to know either who the third parties are. The professional’s negligent performance must have determined the plaintiff’s decision which eventually led him to suffer a loss. Court found out that because of the lack of knowledge both buyer and dealer needed the expert opinion of the valuer was needed. Court widened the scope of the liability and liability of auditor to third party moved from Foreseen to reasonable foreseeability. After that case Federal Court continued this broader scope of liability in both cases in Federal Supreme Court (third civil senate) 10 November 19943 Federal Supreme Court (third civil senate) 2 April 19984 On 2001 in its most recent case, the Federal Court of Justice handed down a new decision regarding the liability of experts towards third parties (Reg. No. X ZR 231/99). The Court rejected the plaintiffs claims, holding that the contract concluded between the commissioning banking authority and the expert did not extend to the plaintiff. So, the plaintiff was not, covered by the contract drawn up between the commissioning authority and the auditor. The court reject the information contract between the expert and the third party a stated that without a direct contract no liability is considered to have arisen. The court then changed the scope of liability form reasonably foreseeable to Privity or Near Privity in between.

Thursday, November 14, 2019

Use of Tone, Irony and Humor in The Hammon and the Beans Essay

Use of Tone, Irony and Humor in The Hammon and the Beans Ernest Hemingway once explained, "A writer's problem does not change. He himself changes and the world he lives in changes but his problem remains the same. It is always how to write truly and having found what is true, to project it in such a way that it becomes a part of the experience of the person who reads it." The attitude and "projection" with which the author creates a story is the tone. A difficult aspect of writing to master, tone is one that transitions a piece of writing from satisfactory to exemplary. In The Hammon and the Beans, Americo Paredes incorporates tone in a manner that allows the reader to understand the two-sided situation because the characters are living happy yet troublesome lives. Through including contradictory statements, irony, and comedy in the story, Paredes displays his ability to utilize tone in order to construct a complex work with pure grace. Opposition is an important undertone present in The Hammon and the Beans. Throughout the entire story, Paredes integrates contradictory statements which are used for two purposes. The first usage of these argumentative ideas is to clearly depict the setting of the story for the reader. In the first paragraph, the grandfather's house is described as, "... a big frame house painted a dirty yellow," that was in, "... a quiet neighborhood at least, too far from the center of town for automobiles and too near for musical, night-roaming drunks (p. 274)." In these two descriptions of the setting, there are contradictions because a big house is usually positive, while dirtiness is negative (although yellow itself is not normall... ...hich contributes to his overall impression of the story. In adding a comical tone to the story, the author gives the reader the ability to relate to, and better understand, the situation in which the characters are involved, because it is pure human nature to laugh. Tone is an advanced element of writing, that when effectively incorporated into a work, can make it exceptional, and one certainly worth reading. The Hammon and the Beans is an example of a story in which tone is used extraordinarily well by including opposition among statements and characters, thought-provoking irony, and sensitive humor. Paredes entices the reader to share the emotions of the characters by projecting them in a subtle manner. As a result of becoming involved, the reader can more completely comprehend the lives of the characters, from their difficult times to those of pure joy.

Tuesday, November 12, 2019

The Physiological Effects of Exposure to Nature

It has been suggested that humans have a genetic predisposition for forming a close affinity with nature (Wilson, 1984). It has long been established that people have a broad range of emotional and physiological responses to nature, and that there are positive physical (Moore, 1981; Ulrich, 1984), cognitive (Cimprich, 1990; Hartig et al. , 1991) and psychological (Kaplan & Talbot, 1988; Kaplan & Kaplan, 1989) benefits to forming close attachments to nature. According to Ulrich (1983), experiencing nature is physiologically healthy and has biological value for people.Mayer & Frantz (2004) also established empirical evidence that connection to nature was associated with subjective wellbeing. In light of these noted effects, this review focuses on the impact which exposure to nature may have on mental health, and possible explanations for the noted effects. Exposure to Nature and Mental Health Although it has been acknowledged that contact with nature has multiple physiological benefits , it has also been noted that there are specific benefits to an individual’s mental health from exposure (Taylor et al., 2001). For example having close contact with nature has been found to foster recovery from general mental fatigue (Kaplan & Kaplan, 1989). In addition, seeing nature is effective in relieving stress and improving wellbeing (Kaplan, 1992; Leather, Pyrgas, Beale, & Lawrence, 1998, Lewis, 1996). When people view natural scenes, particularly natural scenes that depict water, human health can be improved and have a positive psychological benefit (Ulrich, 1982; cited in Rohde & Kendle, 1994).In their research, The Wave Nature of Being: Ultradian Rhythms and Mind-Body Communication, Rossi and Lippincott (1992) commented: An extensive matching of the clinical-experimental data of chronobiology and psychology suggests that what the biologist calls the â€Å"entrainment of ultradian and circadian rhythms by psychosocial stimuli† is the psychobiological basis o f what psychotherapists call â€Å"hypnotic suggestion to facilitate mind-body healing. (para. 1) There are also noted effects on specific mental health conditions which have been found in the available research.Ulrich commented that viewing nature effectively lowers stress. When stress is lessened, levels of stress hormones, such as norepinephrine, often are lowered as well, and this may alleviate the experienced intensity of pain† (1983, p. 103). The stress-reduction theory perspective taken by several authors (Ulrich, Dimberg, & Driver, 1991) also supports this, suggesting that â€Å"nature reduces stress for evolutionary reasons† (Cackowski & Nasar, 2003, p. 747). Types of Exposure to Nature Research indicates that forming a bond with nature does not have to be a physical activity to hold benefit.For example Kaplan and Kaplan (1989) found that office workers who had a view of trees and bushes from their office suffered significantly less frustration than those with out such views. Research by Ulrich (1999) also suggests that looking at natural environments as opposed to urban scenes is more effective in restoration from stress. Ulrich (1983) also noted that: â€Å"When patients cannot be provided with an actual view of nature or direct contact with nature, representing nature in photographic images and other artwork has also been shown to be beneficial—though the results are not quite as dramatic.Nature photographs and artwork of natural scenes are common in the more progressive hospitals today. Expanding on this concept is the SkyCeiling, an illuminated ceiling system that provides an illusion of an attractive sky scene that helps people relax† (p. 201). In addition, the sounds of nature have also been investigated as a means of improving mental health. Tsuchiya et al. (2003) found that playing sounds from nature to patients undergoing general anesthesia had a positive impact on blood pressure and heart rate. This then also corr esponded to reduced stress in the patient.Reasons Behind the Positive Effects of Nature on Mental Health There are numerous different explanations as to why exactly exposure to nature has such a notable impact on human mental health. Alexander et al. (1977) noted that â€Å"In some way, which is hard to express, people are able to be more whole in the presence of nature, are able to go deeper into themselves, and are somehow able to draw sustaining energy from the life of plants and trees and water† (p. 806). Ulrich (1983) suggests that these positive benefits are largely due to evolutionary causes:â€Å"Because humans evolved over a long period in natural environments, we are to some extent biologically adapted to natural as opposed to build content. A theme common to this perspective is that individuals are innately predisposed to respond positively to many natural settings. Such evolutionary notions are not new† (p. 116). It is also possible that it is something whi ch is fostered in adults from an early age, for example Kellert (2005) commented that â€Å"children’s emotional, intellectual, and evaluative development depends on varied ongoing experiences of natural process and diversity† (p. 88). Equalizing Brain HemispheresOne of the most cited explanations behind the impact of nature on mental health is that of the effects which it creates to balance the left and right hemispheres of the brain. Pettigrew (see Blakeslee, 1999), an inventor of the sticky-switch idea of depression, believes that there is a sticky-switch that connects the right and left brain hemispheres, and Chowdhary (2007) claimed that the key to brain equalization was the corpus callosum. In addition, a psychology professor, Cindy McPherson Frantz (2006) supported the idea that the balanced brain may possibly relate to well-being as per Swara yoga claims.â€Å"In our research, we demonstrate that connectedness to nature is a better predictor of environmentally friendly behavior than are attitudes. It also correlates with several health and well-being indices† (Frantz, 2006, para. 2). Furthermore, in his book, Of Two Minds: The Revolutionary Science of Dual-Brain Psychology, a neuroscientist and a medical professor from Harvard University, Schiffer (1998) commented that, â€Å"a healthy left and right mind with a respectful, cooperative relationship between them can lead to a life of greater meaning, creativity, productivity, and fulfillment.Only when the relationships within yourself are in harmony are you best able to sustain a healthy relationship with another person† (p. 15). Rossi (2007) suggests that when one experiences an equal nasal dominance, our brain is in a balanced state, which could mean that our body and mind are then in a balance state which allows them to behave in more healthful ways. Furnass (1979) commented that an experience with nature can help to restore the functions of the right and left side of the brain in harmony as a whole. Yogendra (1958) also stated that the act of contemplating nature can reduce the brain’s nervous system activity.In their research, Rossi and Lippincott (1992) demonstrated the physiological link toward bi-lateral brain hemisphere activity and stated that, The most significant of the[se] studies for understanding mind-body communication are those of Debra Werntz (1981) who reported a contralateral relationship between cerebral hemispheric activity (EEG) and the ultradian rhythm of the nasal cycle. They found that relatively greater integrated EEG values in the right hemisphere are positively correlated with a predominant airflow in the left nostril and visa versa . . .an irregular nasal cycle, particularly one in which the person remains dominant in one nostril or the other for an excessively long period of time are associated with illness and mental disorder (Rama, Ballentine, & Ajaya, 1976). (para. 20-22) Research in support of the Swara yoga tra dition believes that â€Å"nostrils are the windows to the state of our body and mind† (Chowdhard, 2007, p. 39), and â€Å"when both nostrils are open, this could mean that the body and mind are in balance and more prepared to act in mindful ways from the balanced dialogue between left and right hemispheres and a reduction in stress† (Nirgunananda, 1999, p.58). This is supported by a review by Wernts et al. (1981) which found that during the deepest states of consciousness, nostril breathing was equal, indicating a balance between both sides of the brain. Medically-based research by Ri (2008) also found that fMRI brain scans revealed that when subjects watched a nature film they experienced equal nasal dominance and also entered a state in which their brain was completely calm.This research indicated that there was an active communication through the corpus callosum between the right and left hemispheres, which shows that the film put the participants’ brain int o a balanced state. This supports Schiffer’s (1998) theory that: â€Å"a healthy left and right mind with a respectful, cooperative relationship between them can lead to a life of greater meaning, creativity, productivity, and fulfillment. Only when the relationship within yourself is in harmony are you best able to sustain a healthy relationship with another person† (p. 15). Physiologic/Emotional/Psychological ResponseThe effects which are noted on psychological well-being are actually most likely to be a result of a combination of psychological/emotional and physiological changes relating to psychological (Kaplan, 1973; Kaplan & Kaplan, 1989; Kaplan & Talbot, 1988), physical (Moore, 1981; Ulrich, 1984), and cognitive aspects (Cimprich, 1990; Hatig et al. , 1991). Within only 3-5 minutes of exposure, views of vegetation or garden-like features elevate levels of positive feelings (e. g. , pleasantness, calm) and reduce negatively toned emotions such as fear, anger, and sadness.Certain nature scenes effectively sustain interest and attention and accordingly can serve as pleasant distractions that may diminish stressful thoughts. Regarding physiological manifestations of stress recovery, laboratory, and clinical investigations have found that viewing nature settings can produce significant restoration within less than 5-minutes as indicated by positive changes, for instance, in blood pressure, heart activity, muscle tension, and brain electrical activity (Cackowski & Nasar, 2003; Ulrich, 1981; Ulrich et al. , 1991).Conclusions It is apparent from the literature available that exposure to nature may have a positive impact on an individual’s physical and mental health. This may result from activities which create an interaction with nature, or merely from sights and sounds of nature. The health benefits which have thus far been shown focus predominantly on stress reduction, but it is possible that the combination of physical, emotional, psycho logical and cognitive effects may also have benefits for recovery across a wide range of mental health disorders.A particularly important element in the physical and psychological interaction which underlies these benefits is the manner in which experiences with nature may be able to facilitate a balancing of the brain’s two hemispheres. It would appear that experience with nature creates a state in which equal nasal dominance is initiated, which then appears to reduce brain activity, putting both brain hemispheres in a state of equal relaxation. It is this effect which then appears to create a sense of balance, which is conducive to a more positive state of mental health. References Cabeza, R. , & Kingstone, A. (2001).Handbook of functional neuroimaging of cognition, Cambridge, MA: MIT Press. Cackowski, J. M. & Nasar, J. L. 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Relf (Ed. ), Role of horticulture in human well-being and social development: A national symposium (pp. 125-133).Arlington, Virginia: Timber Press. Kaplan, R. , & Kaplan, S. (1989). The experience of Nature: A Psychological Perspective. New York: Cambridge University Press. Kaplan, R. , & K aplan, S. (1990). Restorative experience: The healing power of nearby nature. In M. Francis and R. T. , Jr. Hester (Eds. ), The meaning of gardens: Idea, place and action (pp. 238-243). Cambridge, MA: The MIT Press. Kaplan, R. , & Talbot, J. F. (1988). Ethnicity and preference for natural settings: A review and recent findings. Landscape and Urban Planning, 15, 107-117. Kaplan, S. (1995). The restorative benefits of nature: Toward and integrative framework.Journal of Environmental Psychology, 15, 169–182. Kidner, D. W. (2001). Nature and psyche. Albany, NY: State University of New York Press. Klein, R. , Shann, S. , & Armitage, R. (1979). 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The structure of environmental attitudes: A first-and second-order confirmatory factor analysis. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 24, 289-303.Milfont, T. L. , & Duckitt, J. (2005). The Environmental Attitudes Inventory: A valid and reliable measure to assess the structure of environmental attitudes. Unpublished manuscript. Milfont, T. L. , & Duckitt, J. (2006). Preservation and utilization: Understanding the structure of environmental attitudes. Medio Ambiente y Comportamiento Humano. 7(1), 29-50. Mil lennium Ecosystem Assessment. (2005). Ecosystem and well-being: Synthesis report. Washington, DC: Island Press. Moore, E. O. (1981). A prison environment’s effect on health care service demands. Journal of Environmental Systems, 11, 17-34. Nirgunananda, S. (1999, January).Swara Yoga, Elements of meditation with an introduction by Dr. Jaques Vigne. Dhaulchina (Kumaon Himalaya). January 1999, Retrieved December 23, 2007, from http://www. anandamayi. org/devotees/Jvn11. htm Nirmal, P. 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The wave nature of being: Ultradian rhythms and mind-body communication.[Electronic version]. In D. Lloyd, & Rossi, E. (Eds. ) Ultradian rhythms in life processes: An inquiry into fundamental principles of chronobiology and psychobiology (pp. 371-402). New York: Springer-Verlag. Retrieved December 31, 2007, from http://ernestrossi. com/wave_nature_of_being. htm. Rossi, E. , & Ryan, M. (Eds. ) (1986). Mind-body communication in hypnosis. The seminars, workshops, and lectures of Milton H. Erickson, 3, New York: Irvington. Santi, A. D. (2007, July). Scientists Detail Cost of Global Warming, Climate Ark, Associated Press, Retrieved January 20, 2008, from http://www. climateark. org/shared/reader/welcome.aspx? linkid=79869 Schiffer, F. (1998). Of two minds: The revolutionary science of dual-brain psychology, New York: The Free Press. Schultz, P. W. , Shriver, C. , Tabanico, J. J. , & Khazian, A. M. (2004). Implicit connections with nature. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 24, 31-42. Sergent, J. (1982, April). The cerebral balance of power: Confront or cooperation? , Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 8(2), 253-72. Shannahoff-Khalsa, D. (1993, June). The ultradian rhythm of alternating cerebral hemispheric activity, International Journal of Neuroscience, 70(3-4), 285-298.Shannahoff-Khalsa, D. , Boyle, M. , & Buebel. M. (1987). The effects of unilateral forced nostril breathing on cognition. Human Neurobiology, 6(3), 165-71. Sia, A. , Hungerford, H. , & To mera, A. (1985/86). Selected predictors of responsible environmental behavior. Journal of Environmental Education, 17(2), 31-40. Tsuchiya, M. , Asada, A. , Ryo, K. , Hashino, T. , Sato, Y. , Sato, E. F. & Inoue, M. (2003). Relaxing intraoperative natural sound blunts haemodynamic change at the emergence from propofol anaestheia and increases the acceptability of anaesthesia to the patient.Acta Anaesthesiologica Scandinavia, 47(8), 939-943. Ulrich, R. S. (1981). Natural versus urban scenes: Some psychophysiological effects. Environment and Behavior, 13(5), 523-556. Ulrich, R. S. (1983). Advances in theory and research: Aesthetic and affective response to natural environment. Behavior and the Natural Environment, 6, New York: Plenum Press. Ulrich, R. S. (1983). Aesthetic and affective response to natural environment. In I. Altman & J. Wohlwill (Eds. ), Human Behavior and Environment (pp. 85-125). New York: Plenum. Ulrich, R. S. (1984). View through a window may influence recovery from surgery.Science, 224, 420-421. Ulrich, R. S. (1999). Effects of gardens on health outcomes: Theory and research. In C. Cooper-Marcus & M. Barnes (Eds. ), Healing gardens: Therapeutic benefits and design recommendations (pp. 27-86). New York: John Wiley. Ulrich, R. S. , Dimberg, U. , & Driver, B. L. (1991). Psychophysiological indicators of leisure benefits. In B. L. Driver, L. R. Brown, & G. L. Peterson (Eds. ), Benefits of leisure (pp. 73–89). State College, PA: Venture Publishing. Ulrich, R. S. , Simons, R. F. , Losito, B. D. , Fiorito, E. , Miles, M. A. , & Zelson, M. (1991).Stress recovery during exposure to natural and urban environments. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 11, 231–248. Wells, B. (2007). Innovative therapy helps people move beyond the disturbing effects of trauma, Amherst Bulletin, Retrieved January 15, 2007, from http://www. amherstbulletin. com/story/id/46203/ Wells, N. M. (2000). At home with nature: Effects of â€Å"greenness† on chil dren’s cognitive functioning. Environment and Behavior, 32(6), 775-795. Wells, N. M. , & Lekies, K. S. (2006). Nature and the life course: Pathways from nature experiences to adult environmentalism.Children, youth and environments, 16(1), 1-24. Retrieved June 4, 2006, from http://www. colorado. edu/journals/cye/16_1/16_1_01_NatureAndLifeCourse. pdf. Werntz, D. (1981). Cerebral hemispheric activity and autonomic nervous function. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, University of California, San Diego. Werntz, D. et al. (1981). JB Earle cerebral laterality and meditation: a review of literature, The Journal of Transpersonal Psychology, 13(2), 155-173. Werntz, D. , Bickford, R. , Bloom, F. , & Shannahoff-Khalsa, D. (1982a). Alternating cerebral hemispheric activity and lateralization of autonomic nervous function.Human Neurobiology, 2, 225-229. Werntz, D. , Bickford, R. , Bloom, F. , & Shannahoff-Khalsa, D. (1982b). Selective hemispheric stimulation by unilateral forced nostril b reathing. Human Neurobiology, 6, 165-171. Werntz, D. , Bickford, R. , Bloom, F. , & Shannahoff-Khalsa, D. (1983). Alternating cerebral hemispheric activity and the lateralization of autonomic nervous function. Human Neurobiology, 2(1), 39-43. Wilson, E. O. (1984). Biophilia. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press. Yogendra, S. (1958). Hatha yoga simplified. Santa Cruz, Bombay: The Yoga Institute.

Sunday, November 10, 2019

Media Research Example Essay

Start with a short intro You can start with the title or genre as your basic point. Dicussing why, where,when or how. Remember to always do background checking on the genres to get the codes and conventions to make yours suit the conventions, not to confuse your target audience. Dont forget to do some research on your target audience too. This is essential. Other research you can do, for example on scripts or previous posters similar to yours is a mustdo and a real big help! My example: Research for my thriller film Forbidden Pieces For the title of my film, I researched different films that had similar film ideas to mine and tried to think of a title that would represent my idea but not give it away as soon as someone read it. I looked at different musical words with other adjectives and came up with these ideas and after asking those from my target audience they agreed that Forbidden Pieces would be the best title. >Swinging Life. > Forbidden Pieces > Crescendoing complications > Paper Cut This is because some of the scenes I believe a younger audience wouldn’t understand, yet there are parts that I believe students can relate to better than adults – that is also why I have based my film in a school with a student around education – something that influences students every day, or that they can relate to everyday. I then asked them using my questionnaire and series of questions; one being what they would like to see in a psychological thriller, nearly all of them said suspense or death and blood, one that makes you really think. So with their list of most popular everyday uses I have added a few to my film, including laptops, phones and school equipment as well as music. Usually in a psychological thriller, the target audience is those who are above the age of 18 and this is because of some of the characters may have psychological illnesses that younger viewers would find disturbing. However, for my film Forgotten Pieces, I have lowered my target audience to 15 because there is not going to be so much bloody scenes. My character does in the end go insane after loosing everything, and commits suicide – not that you see her commit suicide just her feet hanging, meaning it is suitable for slightly younger teens. Past research has shown that women are more attracted to psychological thrillers, because they enjoy the mystery and story behind events that take place in thriller films. My script research has come from many different things, the first from looking at thriller scripts online. I found that the website: http://www.simplyscripts.com/genre/thriller-scripts.html was really helpful, as it gave me lots of different thriller scripts to look up. I used the scripts from 13 Ghosts, and Sixth Sense to help me, and I realised when and where I had to make things bold, or stand out more by putting them into caps. I never realised how hard writing a script could be, how much you actually have to include. I also looked at what my target audience would like to see in a thriller film, and used that in my script. As well as making the dialogue modern but still sounding posh or proper English at some parts as the school is for the elite. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5jaI1XOB-bsTo start off with, I had to think of what type of genre I wanted my film to be, whether it was just a horror ( which I was informed is a very popular choice) or if I wanted it to be a thriller. I decided to look up what was needed in terms of codes and conventions for a thriller, but when I looked I found that there were so many different types of thriller: my one, I decided would be a psychological one, one that plays with the mind and makes you  shake with suspense. So I then looked up what I would need for a psychological thriller and found these; Codes and Conventions of a Thriller movie  I also looked then, at similar style films. Either with an instrument as the main focus ( the piano) or with psychological issues, and found.

Thursday, November 7, 2019

What Is a Point Guard Basketball’s Team Leader

What Is a Point Guard Basketball’s Team Leader SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips Love watching Steph Curry hit three-pointers? Or seeing Lindsay Whalen dribble down the court? What exactly do these point guards do? What is a point guard in basketball, even? Well, every basketball team’s starting lineup is made up of five players (each team puts 5 people on the court): a center, small forward, power forward, shooting guard, and a point guard. Each of these players has unique skills that make them an asset on the court. What is a point guard’s specialty? A point guard’s expertise is typically ball handling and passing. What Is a Point Guard? Point guards in basketball are expected to be great at dribbling the ball and great at passing, so that they can create opportunities for their team to score. However, they need to be so much more than that. They’re team leaders; they’re the person the team turns to to lead them on offense. They need to have positive attitudes because they’re the person their teammates turn to for support; they need to keep morale high. The chart below shows the five players positioned on offense, so you can see how the point guard fits in with the rest of the team. The point guard is typically one of the shorter players on the team (simply because this position doesn’t require height like some of the others). However, point guards are also usually the fastest players on the team because they control their team’s offense. Point Guard Offensive Responsibilities What exactly does the point guard need to do on offense in basketball? You have to master these six key responsibilities to be a top point guard. #1: Bringing Up the Ball The point guard (labeled number 1 above) is traditionally responsible for bringing up the ball from the other side of the court. This means after the other team scores, the point guard dribbles the ball (bounces the ball back and forth on the ground) back to your side of the court. The point guard then usually stands near the top of the key (the point shown in the diagram above) and figures out what play to make. #2: Controlling the Pace Because point guards bring up the ball, they end up setting the pace for the offense. If they bring up the ball slowly, walking while dribbling, they’ll slow down the offense. This can be good if the team needs a breather or if the other team’s offense is moving very fast, it helps reset the pace of the game. If they bring up the ball quickly, running while dribbling, they’ll speed up their offense. They might do this to try to catch the other team off guard. #3: Calling Plays After bringing up the ball, they may also call for the team to run a specific play. They may literally call it out loud by shouting something â€Å"James 45,† or they might make some sort of hand motion to signal for a play (such as putting their fist in the air). Think of them as the team organizer, like the quarterback in football. They start with the ball and then try to organize the team to get the ball to the basket. #4: Passing As I said, the point guard is an expert passer in basketball. As a point guard, you need to be good at passing the ball because once you dribble the ball to your side of the court, you’ll need to pass the ball to your fellow teammates to create opportunities to score. You’ll never see a point guard who can’t pass well. It’s arguably their most crucial skill. #5: Outside Shooting The point guard needs to be able to make shots from far away from the basket. While some players, such as the center and forwards, play close to the basket, the point guard generally stays around the 3-point line or just inside, so they need to be able to shoot from farther away. #6: Driving to the Basket While you’ll primarily see point guards pass or shoot from the outside, you’ll sometimes see top point guards dribble past the defense down to the basket to shoot layups (a shot from right next to the basket). A great point guard has the skills to fake out the defensive players, get around them, and score. Point Guard Defensive Responsibilities The best point guards won’t just be strong on offensive but on defense as well. The point guard’s role on defense will depend on what kind of defense the team plays. In basketball, there are two main types of defense: man-to-man and zone. You’ll more typically see man-to-man play in the NBA (or some sort of hybrid of the two). In man-to-man defense, each player is assigned another player on the other team to guard. They are responsible for guarding that player the entire game. In that scenario, the point guard will likely be matched with the other team’s point guard. They’ll try to stop the other team’s point guard from shooting or dribbling closer to the basket. In zone defense, each player is assigned an area of the court to guard, and they need to make sure to guard any opposing team player in their zone. In that case, the point guard typically guards the top of the key. They make sure no one is able to shoot a basket from the top of the key. Summary: What Does a Point Guard Do in Basketball? A point guard is one of the 5 positions on a basketball team. Point guards are the team organizers like quarterbacks in basketball. On offense, they need to be great at dribbling, to bring the ball to their side of the court. They need to be great passers, so they can give the balls to their teammates to create scoring opportunities. They need to be great at shooting from around the 3-point line. The best point guards will also be able to sneak around defense players and make layups. On defense, point guards are responsible for making sure the opposing team players don’t get shots off near the top of the key.

Tuesday, November 5, 2019

Luddites

Luddites Luddites Luddites By Maeve Maddox The word Luddite originated in the nineteenth century as a label for an organized group of English workers and their sympathizers who set out to destroy manufacturing machinery in the midlands and north of England between 1811 and 1816. These enemies of the new technology were called Luddites, Ludds, and Ludders. Luddite is the term that has survived. The noun Luddite has come to mean anyone who opposes the introduction of new technology, especially the kind that results in the loss of jobs. The abstract noun Luddism refers to the type of thought that questions the commonly held belief that unfettered technological progress is inherently good for the human race. In current usage, the word Luddite is used disparagingly. The term neo-Luddite is sometimes applied to modern thinkers who question the belief that unfettered technological progress is a good thing. An explanation published in 1847 asserted that the term Luddite originated in the name of Ned Ludd, â€Å"a person of weak intellect,† who broke into a house â€Å"about 1779† and destroyed two weaving frames. As the OED puts it, â€Å"The story lacks confirmation.† I think a more likely source than mythical Ned Ludd may be the mythical King Lud. According to Geoffrey of Monmouth, King Lud was the founder of London and was buried at Ludgate, one of the major entrances to London. In 1378, a prison for petty offenders- such as debtors- was established in the gatehouse at Ludgate. Prisoners there came to be known as Ludgathians. Note: The connection between Ludgate and King Lud persisted until the late 17th century. When the gatehouse was rebuilt following the Great Fire of 1666, a statue of King Lud and his two sons was placed on the eastern side. When this gate was deliberately demolished in 1760, Lud’s statue was moved to the church of St. Dunstan-in-the-West in Fleet Street, where it may still be seen.    In the seventeenth century, Ludgathian was a synonym for debtor. Ben Johnson uses the word in his comedy Every Man Out of His Humor (1600): Always beware you commerce not with bankrupts, or poor, needy Ludgathians. The OED etymological note points out that during the 1811-13 riots, the nickname â€Å"Captain Ludd† or â€Å"King Lud† was commonly given to the ringleaders of the Luddites. It’s a roundabout connection between Ludgathians and Luddites, but the Luddites feared that the mechanization of their crafts could reduce them to penury. Imprisonment for debt continued to be a possibility for the jobless in England until 1869. Note: I recently heard a speaker on NPR pronounce the word â€Å"LOOD-ite.† The lud in Luddite is pronounced with a short u, as in mud. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Vocabulary category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:Apply to, Apply for, and Apply withConnotations of 35 Words for Funny PeopleThe Difference Between "Shade" and "Shadow"

Sunday, November 3, 2019

STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT OF S.E.A. OLYMPUS Dissertation - 1

STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT OF S.E.A. OLYMPUS - Dissertation Example In order to justify this further, the actual survey and interview with customers and the staffs of the chosen organisation was initiated. The study’s conclusions are based on both the findings of literature review and the actual survey and interview and out from them come the general recommendation of how an organisation should meet the customers’ perceived services and actual received services. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT My heartfelt gratitude goes to my parents who were able to provide me financially for the success of this study. Without them, I would not be able to gather data and other related information because such activity would require extensive time and substantial financial resource. During my sleepless nights, I would like to thank all my friends who were able to impart their time and provide me with their important suggestions in order to improve my paper. I would also like to personally thank my supervisor who was able to give her time and effort for my study. My he artfelt gratitude is also for her. CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION TO THE STUDY 1.1 Introduction to the Problem Every organisation requires substantial management in order to succeed. Thus, strategic management tools are necessary in order to evaluate performance in great detail. Performance should be of high quality. Thus a management with exceedingly high quality especially if it is in a progressive approach is said to help organisations achieve their best performance especially on meeting high level of customer satisfaction and eventually obtaining their profit (Yeung and Chan, 1998). In line with this, it is not only important to consider improving internal operations but a considerable amount of quality management system should be implemented both inside and outside of an organisation. At some point, management strategic tools are necessary (Mol and Birkinshaw, 2009; Smith, 2007; Nonala and Kenny, 1991). This is to ensure that the entire business operation is obtaining corporate object ives. This may take time though. However, the right response on the process is necessary in order that the entire business operations both internally and externally are working together for the entire benefit of the whole organisation. However, there are some cases in which an organisation attempts to move forward and ensure its growth and competitive advantage. At this point, it is important that various aspects need to be substantially considered. One of the most highly considered aspects in the present time involves a high consideration for customers. Customer satisfaction in particular is considered tantamount to the success of an organization (Muller, 1991). This means that in order for an organisation to be a success in an industry where it belongs, giving enough time on how to satisfy customers and meet their expectations is necessary. Today, as commonly observed, this is most common in modern profit organisations (Kotler et al, 1999; Boone and Kurtz, 2006). However, it is im portant to find out how an organisation should build up its competitive advantage knowing that everyone seems to be trying to be a cut above the other. Addressing customer satisfaction is necessary, but there must be a concrete understanding how should it be achieved to ensure competitive advantage (Boone and Kurtz, 2006). 1.2 Background of the Problem With respect to this,

Thursday, October 31, 2019

Project Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Project Management - Essay Example 2 weeks 5/1/11-5/15/11 (Project Manager and Owner) 4) Acquire bids from chosen suppliers for the unmodified trailers, equipment, food and general staples. 2 weeks 5/15/11-5/29/11( Project Manager and Owner-President) 5) Sign a contract with one supplier for the trailer and equipment and two suppliers for food and operational supplies.1 week 5/29/11-6/5/11(Owner-President) 6) Order trailer, equipment and materials from chosen suppliers for leasehold improvements and final trailer prototype.1 week 5/29/11-6/5/11(Project Manager) 7) Acquire bids and choose one fabrication shop for custom sub assemblies to be used in the trailer.1 week 5/29/11-6/5/11(Project Manager) 8) Choose and lease suitable commercial building for the warehouse and manufacturing area and corporate facilities for D'Angelo Pizzeria corporate headquarters. 2 weeks 5/29/11-6/12/11(Project Manager) 9) Incorporate D'Angelo Pizzeria Co. and franchise division. 2 weeks 5/29/11-6/12/11 10) Interview and hire personnel for Dà ¢â‚¬â„¢Angelo Pizzeria manufacturing and corporate operations. 4 weeks 5/29/11-6/26/11( Project Manager and Owner-President) 11) Assemble final trailer prototype and perform testing and debugging. 2 weeks 6/12/11-6/26/11( 2 x Assembly technicians ,Project Manager, Owner) 12) Choose and document final design parameters for trailer after prototype testing. 1 week 6/26/11-7/3/11 (Project Manager) 13) Research and secure two locations for the first corporate owned D'Angelo Pizzeria. 2 weeks 6/26/11-7/10/11 (Project Manager, Owner-President) 14) Establish and document all operational, training and franchisee procedures and develop the final draft for operational, franchisee, training, and employee manuals for review. 4 weeks 6/26/11-7/24/11 (Project Manager, Owner-President) 15) Develop the Strategic Marketing plan. 2 weeks 7/10/11-7/24/11 (Project Manager) 16) Assemble two ready to run D'Angelo Pizzeria trailer units to be used for the corporate owned pilot stores for the D'Angelo Pizze ria franchise. 3 weeks 7/3/11-7/24/11(2x Assembly technicians, Project Manager) 17) Finish corporate infrastructure for the launch of the D’Angelo private franchises within 6 months. 1 week 7/24/11-7/31/11(Project Manager) 18) Grand Opening of the first two corporate owned D'Angelo Franchises on 8/1/11 Project Cost and Operational Analysis As reviewed in the Time Phased Budget the project is divided in 18 tasks or deliverables which will be completed from 5/1/11 to 8/1/11, an 18 week period or 3.5 months (Kanodia, 2011). The total project cost has been streamlined to minimize project risks and maximize return of investment for the initial phase for the D'Angelo Pizzeria project launch. By limiting project scope to just building the company infrastructure and launching just the first two corporate owned D'Angelo Pizzerias; we are implementing a strategy that serves to maximize project speed, efficiency and ensures the best possibility to achieve timely completion of the projec t goals and within the allocated budget structure (Haughey, 2011). Although we originally underestimated trailer size and equipment requirements we were able to achieve significant cost savings in other project areas. By streamlining project requirements and limiting project scope to a working minimum we were able to minimize project costs and expenses and maximize the chances of a successful project completion (Projectstreamline, 2010). The total cost for the project has been revised to a total cumulative

Tuesday, October 29, 2019

Computer Generated Imagery in Movie Production Essay - 8

Computer Generated Imagery in Movie Production - Essay Example These new techniques include the use of motion capture or motion tracking. Avatar used this extensively especially in the development of some scenes which required the performance of the actor to be well captured. The use of motion or performance capture is done with a set of equipment. The first set includes sensors which are placed in the strategic locations where they can sense the motions of the individual. These sensors are then connected to a computer or a colony of computers which analyze the data collected by the sensors and they use this data to apply it to the animated objects. In Avatar, this method was used to capture the facial performance of the actors such as the movement of the lips, the eyes and the cheeks and the data was then used to animate the non-human characters. Motion-capture suits were also used to capture the motion of the whole body. The director of the movie thought it would be necessary to use this technology rather than completely depending on onscreen animation. The actors would wear special suits such as the leotard with sensors attached all over it (Johnson para 4). Each sensor has a computing capability making it possible for it to collect data and send it to a computer which would then analyze the data and create motion data for the computer graphics. In the making of Avatar, unlike in the making of Jurassic Park, the technology was developed specifically for the development of the movie. So, unlike in Jurassic Age where CGI was used as a way to complement the other techniques used to create reality, such as animatronics, CGI in Avatar was developed specially to the development of the movie. James Cameron, the director of Avatar spent over a decade developing this technology. This included special stereoscopic cameras which were able to capture the actions of the actions and effectively transfer this to the computer models such as the Navi  monkey-like beings.  

Sunday, October 27, 2019

Reflection on Inter-professional (IP) Working

Reflection on Inter-professional (IP) Working Introduction. Professional development and up to date practice is a requirement of the nursing profession. Reflection is a vital component of this (Gustafson and Fagerberg, 2004) and allows nurses to critically and actively evaluate their practice in the light of current research and their own learning. Reflection has been defined as a process of describing experiences and then using reflection as a basis from which to ask questions about practice (Bowden, 2003). The NMC (2004) states that nurses should use professional standards of practice to self-assess performance. This essay evaluates my own learning in relation to the NMC Standards through the use of a reflective cycle by Gibbs (1998) (see Appendix). The focus of the reflection is Inter-professional (IP) working. IP is a fundamental component of education programmes for Nursing, Midwifery and Allied Health Professions (Pollard et al, 2004). The NMC (2004) states in the standards of proficiency for entry to the register that student nurses sh ould: â€Å"consult other health care professionals when individual or group needs fall outside the scope of nursing practice.† (p26). â€Å"utilise a range of effective and appropriate communication and engagement skills† (p 27). â€Å"seek specialist/expert advice as appropriate.† (p28) â€Å"establish and maintain collaborative working relationships with members of the health and social care team and others.† (p32) â€Å"participate with members of the health and social care team in decision-making concerning patients and clients.† (p32) â€Å"review and evaluate care with members of the health and social care team and others.† (p32) Description: What Happened. In providing care for clients allocated to me on the general medical ward, I engaged with the case of Mrs B, who had been admitted seven days previously from a nursing home with dehydration and confusion. Mrs B was registered blind, and required full nursing care which was delivered according to a care plan. Having been treated with IV fluids and encouraged with diet and oral fluids, she had made a good recovery and my role was to implement a discharge planning process with her, so that she could return to the nursing home. In order to assess her discharge needs, I consulted occupational therapy colleagues, dieticians, medical colleagues and social work colleagues to ensure that her needs would be met in her home environment. I also attended the ward rounds with the medical consultant and his team, to gain the expert advice needed to ensure all Mrs B’s needs were met and that she was well enough for discharge. In collaboration with other nursing colleagues and the occupational therapist, dietician and social worker, I reviewed the care plan, carried out a thorough reassessment and evaluation of Mrs B’s condition, medication and ongoing care needs, and drew up a comprehensive discharge plan, including communication to the receiving nursing home. I also discussed all of her needs with Mrs B, and her family, and ensured their input was included into the discharge plan. Feelings The sense of responsibility attached to discharge planning is considerable, and I was aware that I needed to ensure all Mrs B’s needs had been addressed. I felt uncomfortable in some of my interactions with other professionals, and frustrated at times with communication issues. Evaluation I felt confident in care planning and evaluation, having had ample opportunities to develop these skills over my training, but was also aware of the scrutiny of colleagues. This kind of scrutiny was double-edged, in that I felt uncomfortable to be the subject of scrutiny but that it also helped me to focus on the highest standards of care. It was difficult sometimes to ensure timely communication with these colleagues, and the responsibility for ensuring collaborative working and good communication was also somewhat stressful. Analysis At this stage of my training, I was very aware of requirements that I meet standards of competency related to the nursing role. This led to an initial reconsideration of what competency actually is. For example, competency has been described as being able to complete tasks (Gonczi 1993), but professional competence is much more than this. In this case, the ability to complete single tasks was evident in my ability to plan and manage care. Identifying individual nursing tasks in relation to Mrs B was a part of this process, and the process contains in-built mechanisms of evaluation which, if applied objectively, allow the nurse to ‘tick off’ tasks as achieved or in progress. But the complexity of care planning does not led itself to a simple task-based approach, and it is here that the greatest challenge to competence can be identified. The holistic approach to nursing requires the nurse work in a collaborative, inter-professional manner. In particular, it is important to take into account the context of nursing care and presence and contribution of others, including their effect on performance (Ashworth and Saxton, 1990; Field, 1991; Collins, 1991). The NSF for Older People demands the provision of care services which are based around the needs of older people and their carers (DOH, 2001). In order to meet these needs, there is a need to employ â€Å"an integrated approach to service provision†¦ regardless of professional or organisational boundaries.† (DOH, 2001, p9.) Thus IP working can be seen to be fundamental to the process of discharge planning for Mrs B. One of the challenges for my practice was to identify all the other professionals who might need to be engaged in this process. Some of these were obvious, such as the medical team, other nurses, and the dietician, who already played a fundamental role in her care management and implementation. The other professionals involved were not as obvious, and I had to consult with senior nurses to identify where other professional colleagues might be important in discharge planning. There were also other challenges in this process, in engaging with other professionals and carrying out individualised discharge planning. The NSF for Older People recognises that this has been a problem in the past, acknowledging that organisational structures have hitherto had the effect of impeding the provision of individualised care management packages (DOH, 2001.) One of the difficulties I reflected upon was the conflicting demands of such an individualised process which formed only one of my many nursing duties in a busy medical ward environment. And the sense of achievement I felt in taking such responsible role was not always reflected in the ways in which other colleagues interacted with me. Discussion with other nursing colleagues, and some exploration of the theoretical and research literature on this subject identified that this is no new experience for nurses engaged in IP working. Research seems to indicate that medical hegemony leads to the pivotal role of nurses in IP working being largely unacknowledged, which can affect the development of collaborative care practices (Coombs and Ersser, 2004). However, a new awareness of this issue made me more confident and proactive in engaging with other professionals, which led to a negotiation of sorts, during the communication process, between my role and some of their perceptions of my role and position in the institutional hierarchy. There were definite lessons to be learned from this in particular. Adapting modes of communication, paying attention to communication, and formalising communication through detailed record keeping all supported this process. I also learned how vital the nursing role is in inter-professional, client-centred working, if the highest standards of care are to be consistently achieved and maintained for every client. Some authors argue that nurses, as the primary care contact for the majority of patients, should seek to distinguish and celebrate their practice as professionally discrete from that of others because of their intimate and sustained knowledge of their clients (Price, 2006). This is a really important point, and one which allows me to take my experience forward into future practice and build on my confidence in addressing challenging situations. Conclusion I felt that I ‘matured’ through this particular care incident and my own reflections upon it, coming to terms with a sometimes uncomfortable reality of persistent hierarchies, stereotypical beliefs and defensive protection of professional role boundaries. My own competence in achieving an excellent discharge process, engaging in communication despite considerable challenges, and ensuring individualised care in an IP context were all signposts of considerable achievement in my professional journey. However, I could also have perhaps worked more collaboratively with other colleagues, qualified nursing colleagues in particular, who might have been able to give me some advance warning of these issues and perhaps identified ways in which I could overcome them. Instead, I learned the hard way. Action Plan Explore alternative strategies for inter-professional communication. Carry out further research into the challenges of IP working and its benefits. Explore ways to safely challenge rigid roles and hierarchies whilst still providing client-centred care. Seek out support from colleagues when challenging situations arise and build on this experience in future nursing practice. Carry out future cycles of reflection on similar clinical issues, and compare these to previous reflections to clearly signpost my own learning and development. References Ashworth, P. and Saxton, J. (1990).On competence. Journal of Further and Higher Education, 14, 3-25. Bowden, S.D. (2003) Enhancing your professional nursing practice through critical reflection. Abu Dhabi Nurse Summer 28-31. Collins, M. (1991). Adult education as vocation. London: Routledge. Coombs, M. Ersser, S.J. (2004) Medical hegemony in decision-making – a barrier to interdisciplinary working in intensive care? Journal of Advanced Nursing 46 (3) 245-252. Department of Health, (2001) National Service Framework for Older People. Available from www.dh.gov.uk/publications accessed 22-3-07. Field, J. (1991). Competency and pedagogy of labour. Studies in Education of Adults, 33(1), 41-52. Gonczi, A. (1993). Competence and competencies: A global perspective. Paper presented at the First National Conference on Competencies in Nursing Adelaide: Australian Nursing Federation (SA Branch) Gibbs, G. (1988) Learning by Doing. A Guide to Teaching and Learning Methods Further Education Unit, Oxford Polytechnic, Oxford Gustafsson, C. and Fagerberg, I. (2004) Reflection: the way to professional development? Journal of Clinical Nursing 13 271-280. Knight, P. (1995) Assessment for Learning in Higher Education London: Kogan Page. Neary, M. (2000) Responsive assessment of clinical competence. Nursing Standard 15 (10) 35-40. Nursing and Midwifery Council (2004) Code of Conduct Available from www.nmc-uk.org Accessed 30-4-07. Pollard, K.C., Miers, M.E. Gilchrist, M. (2004) Collaborative learning for collaborative working? Initial findings from a longitudinal study of health and social care students. Health and Social Care in the Community 12 (4) 346-358. Price, B. (2006) Exploring person-centred care. Nursing Standard 20 (50) 49-56. Appendix Gibbs (1988) Cycle of Reflection http://www.nursesnetwork.co.uk/images/reflectivecycle.gif